The Hot Fallacy

By Dalton Del Don – Senior Writer

Everyone knows a big part of being a successful fantasy player is the ability to buy low and sell high. I’m all for this and even write articles suggesting players that fit the bill. There is, however, a common misconception about baseball players who are exceeding expectations and those who are falling short of them.

The prevailing theory many fantasy owners use when looking at a batter who is hitting, say .200 but is a career .300 hitter, is that he is more likely to hit around .400 the rest of the season in order to finish at or around the career .300 clip. After all, he has to make up for the slow start, right? This reasoning couldn’t be further from the truth. An easy analogy would be the coin flip principle. If you were to flip a coin and have it land “heads” nine times in a row, does that make it anymore likely to come up “tails” on the tenth flip? Of course not, it’s still a fifty-fifty proposition.

Now, there is a caveat here. Some players, albeit only a few, are truly better hitters in the first half or second half of any given season. These players are by far and away the exception, not the rule, but need to be noted nevertheless. These are players who have shown extreme season splits throughout their entire career and should be judged accordingly. Again, make sure this trend has been exhibited for a fairly lengthy amount of time before putting too much stock into it.

More often than not, there are legitimate reasons behind these splits, not just random acts. Chris Young’s ERA rose nearly a point last year in the second half presumably because the Texas heat took a toll on him, as it does to many Rangers’ pitchers. It’s anybody’s guess, on the other hand, why Barry Zito has a career 5.04 ERA in April and in no other month is it above 3.76. Same goes for Johan Santana, whose ERA is a full 1.37 points lower in the second half in his career. Aubrey Huff and Adrian Beltre both see their OPS’ increase by nearly 100 full points after the All-Star break. But these instances are about as rare as seeing a sober Tara Reid.

It’s great when your player gets “hot,” but no one knows if that streak will last five games or 25 games, and nothing can predict which option is more likely. Hitters obviously develop and improve; just make sure that it’s because of a developing skill, not luck (i.e. he’s shown an improved contact rate and an increase in plate discipline). This reveals a legitimate expectation of improved numbers and not purely a “hot streak.”

The point to be made here is to always assume your player will hit like he has for his career; follow the regression to the mean theory. If he hit .200 in the first half and is a career .300 hitter like the aforementioned example, expect him to hit .300 the second half, not .400. If you avoid the hot fallacy, his performance will be much closer to your expectations, trust me.


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14 responses to “The Hot Fallacy”

  1. Red Sox Nation Avatar
    Red Sox Nation

    Just wanted to say that I love the site, keep up the good work. It’s one of my favorites. This Hot article is especially interesting, and makes a really good point. Most people probably didn’t even realize that fact.

  2. Jason G. Avatar
    Jason G.

    Boy it looks like Huff and Beltre are once again going to be better in the second half. It will be hard not to after those starts.

  3. Mike Avatar
    Mike

    Nice Tara Reid line!!!

  4. MaddenDude Avatar

    So uhh, what are some other 2nd half guys?

  5. Robby Avatar
    Robby

    Ya man, I want some 2nd half (especially last month of the year) guys!!!

    Also, I would expect a career 300 hitter who hit 200 in the first half of the season to hit between those two numbers in the second half (although certainly closer to 300 than to 200, maybe 275). You’d have to be a fool to think that they are going to hit 400.

    Do you know whether runs/hitting stats rise as the year progresses as I’ve heard before?

    Lastly, do you think its worthwhile to sit a slumping star in favor of a red-hot but lesser player?

    Lastly again, when is Peralta gonna start hitting? Should I expect 330 from him in the 2nd half?

  6. RotoScoop Avatar
    RotoScoop

    Based on these questions, I’m a little unsure if you read this article. Or maybe I did a poor job of proving my point. Either way, let’s address the questions in order:

    Second half guys are, as a rule, a myth. Like I stated, some exhibit true season splits, but they are “rarer than a sober Tara Reid.” Meaning pretty infrequent. Expect your hitter to hit in the second half this year like he has hit in every other situation throughout his career. I’ll get back to you if I come across more of these rare breeds though.

    Pitchers are supposedly “ahead” of hitters in the early parts of the season, and it would stand to reason that when the weather heats up the balls carries farther, so it makes sense runs rise as the year progresses. I doubt it’s significant, however.

    As to your slumping star vs. red-hot lesser player question: obviously, this is situational, but again, I recommend the star player b/c there is zero way of predicting when a slump/hot streak will end/begin.

    No, you should not expect Peralta to hit .330 in the second half. You should expect him to hit .265, which is his career line.

  7. RotoScoop Avatar
    RotoScoop

    If that “red-hot lesser player” is showing an improved skill, like better contact rate or plate discipline, then it’s fine to stick with him. But if the peripherals are the same, and he just happens to be hitting .50 points higher for a week, I’d def. go with the star player.

  8. Robby Avatar
    Robby

    DDD, I read the article, but perhaps I was a bit too flippant in my response. I fully agree with your point, only mentioning that someone with a 300 career average but hitting 200 over the course of this season is, I would usually guess, going to hit a bit under 300 for the remainder of the season. However, by bringing up Peralta, I may’ve in fact derailed my own point. Peralta hit 227 in his first half season and 292 in his first full season. This would seem to indicate an upward career trajectory. However, since he’s hitting 247 this year, one has to wonder whether last year was an aberration. In his case, I would say that him maintaining his career BA from here on out (265) would be a conservative estimate, and I would expect something more like a 270 average. But I guess we’ll see. Of course, if Peralta were 40 years old, I would think that a 250 or so average from here on out would sound about right.

    In terms of playing guys who are on hot streaks, I’ve always wondered how much stock to put in someone’s recent performance. I think that very rarely a “hot” player is actually showing a tangible increase in skill level that is going to continue indefinitely. However, contact rate and plate discipline aside, it seems to me that if someone is hitting 500 with 4 HRs over the last week, I am usually inclined to play them over a superior player who is hitting 100 with 0 HRs over the same stretch. Basically what I am saying is that while a good percentage of “hot” and “cold” streaks can be chalked up in part to randomness, quite often a player will be get dialed in and feel more comfortable hitting (or pitching, probably more so with pitching actually) for a short stretch and that is something that managers should try to exploit. I just think that this is the gray area between tangible long-term improvement and luck. I just wish that I knew some sort of concrete way to analyze and effectively exploit it. Thoughts?

  9. RotoScoop Avatar
    RotoScoop

    We’ve all heard the terms “locked-in” or that a player is “seeing the ball really well.” There’s no doubt some truth in this pseudo-analysis. And your point with Peralta is well taken; age matters. Listen, young guys are different. Yes, they will mature as a player, improve their skills, and no doubt increase their productivity over time. Do I think Prince Fielder will put up better numbers the second half this year than the first? Yes, probably. But I also think his first half of ’07 will be better too.

    The point is that every player gets hot and every player gets cold, but the fact that they are currently in a streak or a slump doesn’t make it anymore likely it will continue or stop. I’d much rather go off a certain pitching matchup if you want to pick and choose. I’d say that is maybe the best method at exploiting matchups. Lance Niekro vs. left-handers last year was a top-3 first basemen. For the most part, I advise you to go with your best players and ignore short-term fluctuations. With that said, I hear you. Some players are just plain streaky (Eric Byrnes), and if you can smell out the beginning of said streak, a lower-tiered player can provide top value for a stretch of a couple of weeks. It’s just a tough strategy to execute.

  10. Robby Avatar
    Robby

    Agreed. I recently read in SI that Paul Byrd is holding cleanup hitters hitless this year while all other players are hitting 310 against him. So be sure to sit anyone on your team hitting cleanup vs The Birdman!

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  14. Bruna Avatar
    Bruna

    Adorei conhecer seu blog, tem muito artigos bem interessantes. loteria dos sonhos de 1:40

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